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Early snowmelt raises concern

A cow moose browses on willows in belly-deep snow along the Snake River with Mount Moran visible in the distance. Mountain snowpack has been strong this season in most of Wyoming, but experts worry about a trend of earlier and earlier snowmelt that hurts late-summer water supplies. Photo by JIM LAYBOURN, Star-Tribune correspondent.

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CHEYENNE -- Wyoming is no exception to a trend that sees the onset of spring creeping earlier on the calendar each year, but in the Cowboy State, the effects are likely to be most notable in the dog days of summer.

Scientists say seasonal timing changes are evident in nearly every state as flowers bloom and wildlife emerge earlier than in decades past. In Wyoming, melting snowpack is an indicator of the relatively early onset of spring.

State climatologist Steve Gray said snow has been melting and running off into streams as much as four to eight weeks earlier than the historical average. While snow sat high on Wyoming mountains well into July about 40 years ago, it's typically gone by early June in recent years.

For a state that relies predominantly on snowpack and its runoff into local streams and reservoirs for water, early snowmelt can be a major concern. That's the case even in years with good snowpack, like this one is shaping up to be.

"When the snow melts earlier, then we don't get as much of the big flows that last us into the midsummer months," Gray said.

Without adequate water for the midsummer months, Wyoming tends to experience hotter, drier summers with less water for crops and keeping cool, Gray said.

He said Wyoming is battling an eight-year drought that has caused basins and reservoirs to be so depleted that it would take years of well above historical average snowpack for them to fully recover.

J.J. Shinker, an assistant professor of geography at the University of Wyoming, said the early onset of warm temperatures has caused snow to melt sooner. Without snow, the earth's surface tends to get warm, which contributes to more days with high temperatures.

"It's called a positive feedback loop," Shinker said. "You don't have anything on the ground to reflect the sun rays, so it just ends up absorbing it."

Gray said the trend of early snowmelt and runoff point to climate change.

"We have to take into consideration the variability of climate, but all signs point to this being different from what we've seen in the past," he said.

Walt Gasson, executive director of the Wyoming Wildlife Federation, said his members have noticed slight changes in the ecosystem where they hunt and fish as well.

He said anglers have mentioned rising stream temperatures and decreasing water levels, both of which can hurt fish populations.

Meanwhile, Tony Seahorn, president of Platte Valley Trout Unlimited, said fish populations that were dwindling and under stress during the early drought years seem to be recovering this year. This year's good snowpack has helped, he said.

"We were recommending that no one disturb the river," Seahorn said. "And, we've been slowly recovering."

Gray said Wyoming has received almost historical average snowpack so far this year, but a couple more big snowfalls in the coming weeks are still needed.

"We are just at about status quo right now," he said.


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Comments to this story.

DewD wrote on Mar 25, 2008 8:47 AM:

" I decided in the early 1990's that Global Warming was real, based on how much the glaciers in the Absaroka Range west of Cody had shrunk in just my lifetime. The icefields on Sunlight and Stinkingwater Peaks are maybe 1/3rd the size they were when I surveyed them in the early 70's.There are many dynamic indicators of earlier and earlier arrivals of Spring after less harsh winters than experienced in my youth in Cody. There can be no doubt of global warming affecting Wyoming, and frankly the debate over its various causes---human or otherwise--- is one part denial and two parts futility. What matters is that people change their lifestyles and consumption patterns to adjust for less dependabe water supplies. Sooner, not later. Our Water Laws and adjudication of water rights need to be reviewed. They aren't written in stone...they were derived and codified in a time of fewer people and much more luscious runoff and water supplies. There is a trainwreck coming in Wyoming water useage in the near future if we do not slow down and take stock now. "

BornInTheUSA wrote on Mar 25, 2008 2:43 PM:

" Stop watering golf courses and lawns.

What a waste. "

BULL wrote on Mar 25, 2008 2:50 PM:

" No bull, soon the Kaliphonies will be planting palm trees in Wyoming to remind them of their beloved home state. "

BS wrote on Mar 28, 2008 3:39 AM:

" I believe 1938 is the warmest year on record.

The area West of the Mississippi is called the lands of marginal rainfall for a reason. Drought is not a new event as it has happened many times before.

BorninTheUSA i agree

Bull no palms it will be medical canabis

Dewd dont drink if your concerned. Oh silly me i forgot you get your water in a plastic bottle thus supporting the petro industry.

With your concern about water i never hear you discuss the water NE uses after depleting their aquifiers for irrigation or NV using tremendous amounts of water for elaborate displays at the casinos.

So if the water all goes away and humans leave the scene does that mean we dont have to listen to you any more. If so i can deal with that oh blessed peace come quick. "

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